They must be released and repatriated without delay after the end of hostilities. Their detention is not a form of punishment, but only aims to prevent further participation in the conflict. POWs cannot be prosecuted for taking a direct part in hostilities. The third 1949 Geneva Convention also classifies other categories of persons who have the right to POW status or may be treated as POWs. POWs are usually members of the armed forces of one of the parties to a conflict who fall into the hands of the adverse party. The status of POW only applies in international armed conflict. They were refined in the third 1949 Geneva Convention, following the lessons of World War II, as well as in Additional Protocol I of 1977. The rules protecting prisoners of war (POWs) are specific and were first detailed in the 1929 Geneva Convention. International humanitarian law (IHL) also protects other persons deprived of liberty as a result of armed conflict. It defines their rights and sets down detailed rules for their treatment and eventual release. The third Geneva Convention provides a wide range of protection for prisoners of war.
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